I have the alpha stage of my mod's *.xml files written, but it is causing the game to segfault after character name selection, but before the intro splash screen. I tried running the game from command-line, and I tried running it using -v, -V, and --verbose options to no avail. Does the game dump a logfile or have a debug mode so I can see what is causing the crash?
No. Try validating your xml file: that sort of crash sounds like it's trying to load a spell and failing.
If that doesn't work, I'd suggest double-checking all your graphics references for all skill levels and starting gear in your mod, and any new rooms that occur on floor 0. If the game is told to display an image file that doesn't exist (which is a pretty easy typo to make), it usually crashes to the desktop. (Not as sure on the skill levels causing a crash, but the items and rooms definitely crash if there's a typo in the .png name).
Check your loadouts very carefully. Most of my crashes after name selection have been loadout related.